Introduction to Computer Networks

Computer networks connect devices worldwide. Learn the fundamentals of networking.

Types of Networks

LAN (Local Area Network)

Small geographic area
High speed
Example: Home or office network

WAN (Wide Area Network)

Large geographic area
Example: Internet

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

City-wide network
Example: City Wi-Fi

Network Topologies

Star Topology

All devices connect to a central hub.

Bus Topology

Devices connected to a single cable.

Ring Topology

Devices connected in a circle.

IP Addressing

IPv4

32-bit address
Format: 192.168.1.1
~4 billion addresses

IPv6

128-bit address
Nearly unlimited addresses

Subnetting

Divide networks into smaller segments:

Network: 192.168.1.0/24
Subnet:  192.168.1.0/26
Hosts per subnet: 62

Network Devices

| Device | Function | |--------|----------| | Router | Connects networks | | Switch | Connects devices in LAN | | Hub | Broadcasts to all devices | | Modem | Converts signals |